Post-Truth

This post is in reference to the work given here:

 https://groups.google.com/d/msg/eng_dept_bu/CO65ephVcOA/zghJY39TCAAJ

        Post-truth is a new word, it has been chosen as the word of the year for 2016 by the Oxford English Dictionary. Post-truth is a compound word, which is a word comprised of two words joined together to create a new word with a new meaning. 

        Post-truth describes a situation in which the important of actual facts is supplanted by appeals to emotion and personal prejudices in influencing public opinion. The prefix post means after, though beginning in the 1970s it began to be used to designate a time when something becomes irrelevant. An example of this use is the word post-racial. First used in the 1990s, the term post-truth was popularized with publication of the book The Post-truth Era (2004), written by Ralph Keyes. The term post truth is mostly used in the sense of politics, a political philosophy which stresses emotion and personal prejudices over objective fact or specific policy. A related term is post-truthers.

        

        In theoretical definition, post-truth means objective facts are less influential in  shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.

        In academic definition, post-truth means, "Systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, whereby inferences about other people and situations maybe drawn in an illogical fashion. Individuals create their own 'subjective social reality' from their perception of the input."

        In real world sense, we the common people always have been manipulated by the powerful, the aristocratic, the dictator, the historians, the liberal and the influential. The people who had power always used his/her position to make us believe, this is the correct 'truth'. However its always been subjective and debatable. I mean, read about Sir Winston Churchill, he was the mass murderer of millions of people, but he always been regarded as a War Hero which is fare from the fact.

        In the post-truth era, borders blur between truth and lies, honesty and dishonesty, fiction and nonfiction. Deceiving others becomes a challenge, a game and ultimately a habit. As the volume of strangers and acquaintances in our lives rises, so do opportunities to improve on the truth. The result is a widespread sense that much of what told can't be trusted.

Introductory Thinking Task On T. P. Kailasam's " The Purpose"

Q.1   Write something about your favorite teacher. Give some reasons for it.

Ans. My favorite teacher is my father. If I say about my father then he is not just my father, but he      plays many rolls simultaneously. He is first of all my best friend than teacher than father.

         When I was in my school I was facing some health issues. At that time I needed someone who could support and help me. Mostly I use to learn math and science subjects with him and my math was very weak so he had to teach me frequently the same thing, but he never gave up on me. He use to teach me as many times as I want without being angry. In every phase of my life he has always been with me and gave some golden rules to live life. Whenever I make mistake he never blames me but rather tells me that if you have done this instead of that then result would be something else. In life I have to take many important decisions and before taking any decision for once I always discuss with him. In the discussion he never says that you do that thing only, but he tells me the benefit and lost I would get in future and then leave's the decision on me. Most important thing he has taught me in life is before starting anything new make a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) so that I can figure and plane it out in a better way.

         

Q. 2  How are you as a student?

Ans. As a student I am a very silent and introvert. I always like to learn new thing and help other. When teacher is teaching I tried to put my full concentration on my study and take notes of things being taught. I tried to learn many things by myself and think something innovative in that. I like my books to look neat and tidy not messy. I use and keep my books with utmost care. Books have always been my friend in every stage of my life. 

Q.3   What is the difference between the education in past and today's time? Take help of your parent to write this.

Ans.

Past Education	Present Education
·         Study was the main focus.	·         Study and co-curricular activities have equal weightage.
·         Tuitions were not much in trend.	·         Tuitions are much in trend.
·         If any new thing is invented it took too much time to reach till student.	·         Now students can know about the new invention within short time.
·         During self-study students were not getting much help.	·         Now students get many sources llike online material, youtube, tutions etc
·         Parents were not much aware of education.	·         Parents are much aware of education.
·         Students use to respect teachers.	·         Now a days it does not seems much.
·         Students were having self-discipline.	·         Now day’s students have to be pressurised to be in dicipline.

Thinking Activity - Metaphysical poetry

This post is in reference to the questions asked here:
 https://groups.google.com/d/msg/eng_dept_bu/g_veactMgJA/hS4mjm_ADQAJ
         

              The metaphysical poetry occupies a unique place in the history of English poetry. It is known as the school of John Donne  because he was the pioneer who established this new trend of writing poetry. It was not John Donne who named it as metaphysical poetry. This title was given to the poetry of Donne and his school by Dr. Sammul Johnson.

                By, itself metaphysical means dealing with the relationship between spirit to matter or the ultimate nature of reality. The metaphysical poets are obviously not the only  poets to deal with this subject matter, so there are a number of other qualities involved as well : use of ordinary speech mixed with puns and conceits ( examples : lovers and a compass, the soul and timber, the body and mind)

•       Characteristics :
• Striking imagery
• Far fetched ideas
• Full of logic and reasoning
• Theme like love is experimented like science.

• Name of Metaphysical Poets :
• John Donne
• George Herbert
• Andrew Marvell
• Henry Vaughan
• Richard Crashaw
• Katharine Philips
• Richard Leigh

                Death, Be not proud is a tenth holy sonnet by John Donne. He tries to nullify the fear of death in the present sonnet. The poem is addressed by the poet to the death it self.

                  In this poem if poet has to draw  a picture of death, he will draw the picture of a person enjoying rest and sleep. The poet mentions that even the best of people have gone with the death the soonest. The poet consider's death a slave of faith, chance king and people in distress. This is how death is a slave of four elements. According to the poet, there are three dwelling places of death they are poison, war and sickness. Death is bound to be there where these three elements are present. The poet is in the opinion that the mother's charm causes sleep to us in a better way than the way death causes sleep simply with one stroke.

                   From this poem we can know that how metaphysically poet has explained about death by giving different examples.  

Thinking Activity on Doctor Faustus: A play by Christopher Marlowe

This post is in reference to the questions asked here:
 http://dilipbarad.blogspot.in/2015/08/worksheet-dr-faustus-play-by.html



1.   The play directed by Matthew Dunster for Globe theater ends with this scene (see the image  of Lucifer). What does it signify?

                                            

Ans. : In the above given image we can say that Lucifer is standing at the middle of the stage and from his facial expression we can say that he is very much satisfied as if he has won over the super power. His widen wings also signify that he has great power over evilness.

2.      Is God present in the play? If yes, where and how? If No, why?

Ans.: In this play the God is not present directly, but I feel that as a good angle and old man are the messenger of the God. I think, these two characters have tried to save Dr. Faustus from doing evil works many times. As the God might be knowing that Dr. Faustus would not be able to repent at the end and his soul would go to hell and burn there perpetually. So, the God has tried to save him by different ways. 

3.   What reading and interpretation can be given to this image (see the image of Daedalus and Icarus) with reference to central theme of the play Dr. Faustus?

                                   

Ans. : This picture is about the Greek mythology of  Daedalus and Icarus - who are father and son - caught in a jail which has no ceiling. Among both, father knows to make the wings of wax and they both escape from the jail with the help of wax wings. Father has warned son not to fly high near the sun but, son likes to fly high in the sky and as he reached near the sun, the wax of his wings started melting and he  fell down. 

           We can relate this thing with the play-  Dr. Faustus had started practicing necromancy for more knowledge but afterward his power over wheeled his knowledge. And, thus this error in judgement took place. 

4. How do you interpret this painting?

Ans. : This picture is also related to Daedalus and Icarus. This portrait is known as the " Landscape with the fall of Icarus". From the name of the portrait we can say that when old man looks toward the sky the Daedalus is falling down from the sky and this event gives feeling that the God is coming down to the old man.  Actually Icarus has already fallen in the water before Daedalus where all are busy with their work so no one knows about that.

Ben Jonson

This post is in reference to the work given here:

 http://dilipbarad.blogspot.in/2016/08/online-test-renaissance-literature.html

         Ben Jonson (1573-1637) was born at Westminster. He is the most commanding literary figure among the Elizabethans. He is a dramatist, lyric poet and literary critic. With his great learning, his ability and his commanding position as poet laureate, he set himself squarely against his contemporaries and the romantic tendency of the age. For two things he fought bravely - to restore the classic form of the drama, and to keep the stage from its downward course.

WORKS:

Comedies:

Volpone(1605), The Alchemist (1610), The Silent Woman (1609), Every Man in His Humor (1598)

Tragedies: Sejanus(1603) and Catiline(1611)

Poems and Songs: The Triumph of Charis, Drink to Me Only with Thine Eyes, and To the Memory of my Beloved Mother

Short Essays: Timber or Discoveries made upon Men and Matter.